If you love to cook freshwater fish, you may have noticed bluegill and sunfish mentioned in various recipes, sometimes even interchangeably. But, they don’t always stand for the same thing.
The main difference between bluegill and sunfish is that sunfish is a family of 34 fish species, whereas bluegill is specifically a type of sunfish. Therefore, all bluegill are a type of sunfish, but every sunfish isn’t always bluegill.
Now, let’s discuss the other differences between bluegill and sunfish in detail.
Table of Contents
What Is Bluegill?
Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) is a freshwater fish specie belonging to the Sunfish family native to North America. It’s pretty popular for cooking due to its firm and mild meat. Moreover, it’s also available in abundance in the US and the neighboring countries. You may hear people call it with other names, like bream or coppernose.
Bluegill has a deep-bodied appearance like that of a panfish. It consists of a long dorsal fin, along with a small mouth. However, the unique feature of bluegill is its dark ear covering. Additionally, its dorsal fin consists of a distinctive dark spot.
Note that the body color of bluegill is highly dependent on its age and habitat. Typically, it is green or dark olive.
What are the substitutes for Bluegill?
If a recipe calls for bluegill, and you can’t find it for some reason, try out the below-mentioned alternatives. They almost have the same mild taste as that of bluegill.
- Black crappie
- Redear sunfish
- White crappie
- Redbreast sunfish
- Pumpkinseed sunfish
What Is Sunfish?
Sunfish isn’t mainly a type of fish. Instead, it signifies a family, also known as Centrarchidae, of almost 34 fish species. Some of the popular sunfish include:
- Smallmouth Bass
- Largemouth Bass
- Black Crappie
- Bluegill
- Rock bass
- Green Sunfish
Most sunfish have a familiar look. They have a deep body with a laterally compressed appearance, making them look like round pancakes. But, keep in mind that the colors may differ due to the habit and specie type.
All species in the sunfish family, including bluegill, reside in freshwater only.
What are the substitutes for Sunfish?
If the recipe calls for sunfish, you can use any edible sunfish species such as bluegill, smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, rock bass, and many more. They all have a mild, clean, and non-fishy taste compared to other families' fish species.
Bluegill Vs. Sunfish - Quick Comparison Table
| Category | Bluegill | Sunfish |
| Terminology | Refers to a particular type of fish specie in the Sunfish family. | Refers to a family consisting of 34 freshwater fish species. |
| Taste and Texture | Mild, clean, and slightly sweet taste with firm meat | Different varieties of sunfish have slightly varying tastes and textures. |
| Appearance | Specifically consists of a dark spot at the end of the dorsal fin and a dark ear covering. | Each sunfish variety has its own unique features. |
| Nutrition | Contains less omega-3 and fats as compared to other sunfish. | Sunfish varieties, like black crappie and largemouth bass, are rich in omega-3. |
| Price | It ranges from around $25 per pound. | It ranges from $20 to $30 per pound, depending on the type of fish. |
| Availability | Easily available in the US, Canada, and Mexico. | Some species are more readily-available (like freshwater bass and black crappie), whereas some are rare to find (like rock bass) |
Differences Between Bluegill and Sunfish
Now, let’s cover the differences between bluegill and sunfish in detail.
1. Terminology
The most significant difference between bluegill and sunfish lies in the terminology. Bluegill stands for one particular freshwater fish. On the other hand, sunfish stands for a group of freshwater fish belonging to the same family, Centrarchidae.
Additionally, the bluegill is a part of the sunfish family. Therefore, all bluegill are a type of sunfish. However, the sunfish family contains several other freshwater fish species. So, all sunfish are not necessarily bluegill.
2. Taste and Texture
Bluegill has a similar taste and texture to that of other sunfish. The meat is firm, mild, clean, and definitely more non-fishy than other table fish. Yet, there are slight differences when compared to other popular sunfish, like bass or crappie.
- Largemouth bass has a fishier taste compared to bluegill and smallmouth bass.
- Black crappie containing red flesh has a very intense fishy flavor sometimes. The meat is also not as firm as that of bluegill.
- Green sunfish has a fishier taste and less firm texture when compared to bluegill.
Therefore, bluegill and sunfish taste pretty similar, but the "fishy" taste might be more pronounced in other sunfish species.
3. Appearance
All sunfish, including bluegill, have a standard deep body and pancake-like appearance. But, some features are specific to bluegill only.
For instance, bluegill contains a dark blotch or spot near the end of its dorsal fin. Additionally, it also has a dark ear covering. These features aren’t seen in other sunfish varieties, like bass or pumpkinseed.
4. Nutrient and Mercury Content
If you check the nutrient content of bluegill and sunfish, it’s almost similar. It’s because bluegill is a type of sunfish itself. However, slight variations are typically observed between different species of sunfish.
For instance, largemouth bass contains 0.6 gm of Omega 3 Acid compared to 0.16 gm of it in bluegill. So, it is more nutrient-rich than bluegill. Similarly, black crappie also has more Omega 3 Acid (0.29 g) than bluegill.
However, the fat content of bluegill (0.8 grams) is lesser than that of both largemouth bass (4 grams) and black crappie (1.3 grams).
Nutrition Information of Bluegill (per 3 ounces):
| Nutrient | Bluegill |
| Protein | 21 grams |
| Cholesterol | 73 mg |
| Sodium | 82 mg |
| Total Fat | 0.8 gram |
| Omega 3 Acid | 0.16 gm |
| Calories | 97 |
Mercury Content of Bluegill:
Most sunfish have low levels of mercury. But, they differ based on the specie type.
The mercury content of bluegill is around 0.19 μg Hg/g wet weight, whereas largemouth bass ranges between 0.16 to 1.10 (depending on the size).
Note that a few sunfish species, like green sunfish, contain slightly high levels of mercury.
5. Price
Sunfish varieties, including bluegill, are popular due to their affordable prices. They range between $0.5 and $5 (per inch) and between $20 and $30 (per pound).
Live bluegill is affordable, as it costs up to $1.5 only. Other sunfish varieties, like freshwater bass and black crappie, can cost more than $2.
The table below denotes the various prices of bluegill and other sunfish varieties.
| Sunfish Type | Price (As per inches) | Price (As per pounds) |
| Bluegill | $0.60 - $1.50 | $27 per pound |
| Freshwater Bass | $1.25 - $5.00 | $20 per pound |
| Black Crappie | $1.00 - $2.00 | $22 per pound |
| Redear Sunfish | $0.55 - $1.70 | $25 per pound |
Final Thoughts
Bluegill and sunfish are sides of the same coin, as bluegill is a type of sunfish. Therefore, they pretty much have the same appearance, live in freshwater areas like rivers or ponds only, and have mild and firm meat. Yet, there are minute differences between different species of sunfish and bluegill - that we’ve successfully covered in this article!
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